RESOURCES/HEXAGRAM 04
离宫

山水蒙

MéngYouthful Folly

启蒙教化,渐进明理

Upper Trigram
Lower Trigram
— I —

The Judgment

Youthful Folly: success. It is not I who seek the callow youth; the callow youth seeks me. At the first oracle I answer; asked twice and thrice, it is profanation, and to profanation I give no answer. Furthered by steadfastness.

This sign concerns the way of teaching the untaught. The learner must ask with a sincere heart, and the teacher must instruct according to each nature. Only a right and earnest attitude unlocks understanding.

Image Commentary(original text)

山下出泉,蒙;君子以果行育德。

Judgment Commentary(original text)

蒙,山下有险,险而止,蒙。蒙亨,以亨行时中也。匪我求童蒙,童蒙求我,志应也。初筮告,以刚中也。再三渎,渎则不告,渎蒙也。蒙以养正,圣功也。

— II —

Interpretation(original text)

「蒙」本义为蒙昧、覆蔽,如草木初生而蒙覆之象。《杂卦》曰「蒙,杂而著」。蒙卦描绘幼稒之态——知识未开、智慧未明,亟需教育启蒙。卦辞「匪我求童蒙,童蒙求我」,强调学习者应主动求教。朱熹谓「蒙者,蒙昧未明之称」。

卦象分析

上艮山、下坎水。山下有险泉涌出,水流遇山而止,如蒙童遇师而受教。艮为止、坎为险,止于险前,有不知所措之象。《象传》曰「山下出泉,蒙;君子以果行育德」——泉水初出而遇山阻,需果断行动以培育德行。

六爻结构

九二为蒙之卦主,阳居阴位虽失位,然居下卦之中得中道,有刚中之师道。上九亦阳爻,居卦极而以刚制蒙,然过刚则有击蒙之弊。六五柔中居尊,虚心求教于九二,为童蒙之象。六三阴柔失正,见金夫(九二)而忘身,失蒙之正道。

卦序脉络

蒙为第四卦,承屯而来。《序卦》曰「物生必蒙,故受之以蒙。蒙者,蒙也,物之稚也」。屯为万物初生之难,蒙为初生之后蒙昧未开。蒙与屯为相综之卦对,将蒙卦倒转即为屯卦。虞翻谓「蒙者反屯」。

— III —

The Lines

⚋ Yin
Six at the beginning

To dispel folly, it serves to apply discipline and to loosen the fetters; but to go on so brings regret.

At the first awakening, rules and restraint are needed; only once the shackles are struck off can one move ahead. Yet leniency carried too far ends in regret.

Image: 利用刑人,以正法也。

Analysis

初六为蒙卦之始,阴居阳位失正,蒙昧初起之象。「发蒙,利用刑人」——启发蒙昧之初宜用严厉之法立规矩,然后方可去其桎梏。初六与六四无正应(同为阴),须依赖九二之启蒙。程颐言「蒙之初,用刑以正法度,然后可以教之」。

⚊ Yang
Nine in the second place

To bear with folly brings good fortune. To take a wife brings good fortune. The son can keep the house.

To teach the ignorant with a tolerant heart brings good fortune; able to make room for every kind of talent, the household prospers under his hand.

Image: 子克家,刚柔接也。

Analysis

九二居下卦之中,阳居阴位,刚中有容,为蒙卦之主爻、启蒙之师。「包蒙吉,纳妇吉,子克家」——以宽容之心包纳蒙昧,如纳新妇、如子持家。九二与六五正应,臣承君命而行教化。《象传》曰「子克家,刚柔接也」。王弼谓九二「居中而应五,蒙之所赖」。

⚋ Yin
Six in the third place

Do not take this maiden to wife. Seeing a man of gold, she loses possession of herself. Nothing is favorable.

Do not wed the woman who forgets duty at the sight of profit; frivolous and grasping, she abandons her own footing, and nothing good can come of it.

Image: 勿用取女,行不顺也。

Analysis

六三居下卦之极,阴居阳位失正。「勿用取女,见金夫,不有躬」——此女见有财势之男(九二)便失去自持,不可娶也。六三与上九为应位,然六三不顾远应而近比九二,失正之象。程颐言「阴柔不中正,所见不远,急于近利而失身」。

⚋ Yin
Six in the fourth place

Folly hemmed in. Regret.

Trapped in ignorance and blind to the need for learning, one is left in a cramped and pitiable state.

Image: 困蒙之吝,独远实也。

Analysis

六四居上卦之初,阴居阴位得正,然上下皆阴,困于蒙中。「困蒙,吝」——被蒙昧所困,离贤师(九二)太远而独处阴中。六四与初六为应位而同性不应,上比六五而亦阴,无阳刚之助。《象传》曰「困蒙之吝,独远实也」。王弼谓「远于阳刚,无以自发」。

⚋ Yin
Six in the fifth place

The youthful and untaught. Good fortune.

To seek knowledge with the open, earnest heart of a child brings good fortune.

Image: 童蒙之吉,顺以巽也。

Analysis

六五以阴居阳位、柔居尊位,有童蒙虚心求师之象。「童蒙吉」——如稒童谦虚受教,大吉。六五与九二正应,居尊位而不自用、以谦虚求教于下,蒙卦最美之象。《象传》曰「童蒙之吉,顺以巽也」。程颐谓「人君以柔中之德求刚明之师,故吉也」。

⚊ Yang
Nine at the top

Striking down folly. It does not serve to play the robber; it serves to ward the robber off.

Folly is broken by force, but the hand must not turn brutal and become an assault. Better to guard and guide than to attack.

Image: 利用御寇,上下顺也。

Analysis

上九居蒙卦之极,阳居阴位失正,以刚居蒙极。「击蒙,不利为寇,利御寇」——以猛击打破蒙昧,不宜过于强暴如同侵寇,但可防御外敌。上九刚极在上,若过猛则伤人,适度则利用来防御。《象传》曰「利用御寇,上下顺也」。朱熹谓「击蒙者,治蒙过严也」。

— IV —

Divination Reference(original text)

WealthFINANCE

投资前须充分学习研究,向有经验者虚心请教,切勿凭感觉盲目入市。

CareerCAREER

处于学习成长阶段,保持谦逊好学的心态,积累专业能力,机会自然会来。

RelationshipsRELATIONSHIPS

感情中保持真诚纯朴,不要过于世故,坦诚沟通能赢得对方信任。

HealthHEALTH

对待健康问题要及早求医问诊,不可讳疾忌医,遵医嘱按时调养。

— V —

Traditional Reading(original text)

蒙昧未开之象,启蒙成长之时。如同山下泉水初出,虽然混沌不明,但蕴含无限潜力。重在虚心求教、积极学习,拨开迷雾终见光明。

Career

事业处于起步或迷茫阶段,缺乏经验和方向。宜虚心向前辈请教,加强学习和培训。不可自以为是、固步自封。

Business

经商经验不足,判断力有限,容易做出错误决策。建议聘请顾问或与有经验者合作,不宜独断经营。

Reputation

正是求学的最佳时期,应端正学习态度、踏实用功。拜良师、交益友对学业帮助极大。基础扎实方能行远。

Marriage

感情懵懂,对爱情认知不够成熟。宜真诚相待、慢慢了解,切勿因一时冲动而做出轻率决定。

Decision

目前判断力不足,容易被表象迷惑。遇到重大决策宜多方咨询、审慎考虑,不可凭感觉行事。

— VI —

School Interpretations(original text)

Duanyi Tianji

蒙昧初启,教化为先。山泉出洞,混浊渐清。宜求师问道,忌刚愎自用。

Shao Yong · Heluo Lishu
蒙昧启发,果行育德

蒙卦为山水相叠,山下有泉,泉水初出而混沌未明。象征人在年幼或事业初期的蒙昧状态。得此卦者,当务之急是学习和求教,拨开心中的迷雾。态度须诚恳虚心,不可三心二意或反复无常。师者教之以道,学者习之以行,果断行动与培养德行并重。

Fu Peirong's Reading
Fortune

运势混沌不明,宜虚心学习、静心修炼,切忌盲目行动。

Wealth

财运不明朗,投资须谨慎,多听专业意见再决定。

Home

家中宜注重教育培养,长辈须以身作则引导晚辈。

Health

注意消化系统和泌尿系统,勿暴饮暴食,宜清淡饮食。

— VII —

Changing Hexagrams

Bottom line moving山泽损
2nd line moving山地剥
3rd line moving山风蛊
4th line moving䷿火水未济
5th line moving风水涣
Top line moving地水师